What is Periodontal Disease?
 
Periodontal disease is the major cause of about 70 percent of adult tooth loss, affecting three out of four persons at some point in life.

Conscientious removal of plaque by brushing, flossing and professional cleanings can minimize the risks of gum disease. However, other risk factors can affect the health of your gums, such as hereditary factors, stress, diabetes and pregnancy.

 
Stages of Periodontal Disease
Healthy Gums
Healthy gums are firm and pink.
 Healthy Gums
Gingivitis
This is the earliest stage of gum disease. The gums are red, swollen, and bleed easily.
 Gingivitus
Mild Periodontitis
The gums begin to separate from the teeth, forming pockets which fill with plaque.
 Mild Periodontitis
Moderate Periodontitis Deeper pockets form as more bone and tissue are lost.
 Moderate Periodontitis
Severe Periodontitis
Teeth may become loose because a large amount of bone and tissue have been lost.
 Severe Periodontitis
 

Warning Signs
The following signs may give a clue to having gum disease. If you have any of them, contact your dentist right away.
 
Bad breath or bad taste
Bleeding gums
Bleeding when you brush
Loose teeth
Red, swollen, or tender gums
Gums that have pulled away from your teeth
Pus in-between your teeth and gums when you press down on the gums
A change in the way your teeth fit together when you bite down
Any changes in the fit of partial dentures

 
It is possible not to have these warning signs and still have gum disease.  Also, most people do not feel pain with the disease.  This is why regular checkups are important.